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While some authors trace The Scientific Method back to the Greeks and even to ancient artisans, Galileo is generally given credit for being the father of "The Scientific Method."
The Encyclopedia Britannica (1970) states:
Even while Bacon was philosophizing, the true method was being practiced by Galileo, who, with a combination of observation, hypothesis, mathematical deduction and confirmatory experiment founded the science of dynamics.
In the 17th to 19th centuries, the British seem to have shown the most activity in developing the characteristics; principles; and the creative, logical, technical methods, etc. used with the scientific method. However, the Italians, French, Germans, and others also made major contributions to its methodology. A few of the famous men who contributed were Bacon, Descartes, Newton, Mill, Bernard, Whewell, Huxley, Pearson, Wolf, and Armstrong.
In America, one of the first famous advocates of "The Scientific Method" was John Dewey (1859-1952). Another was Morris R. Cohen (1880-1947), who expressed his views in Reason and Nature: An Essay on the Meaning of Scientific Method (1931 & 1953). He influenced Justices Holmes and Cardozo to believe in scientific method.
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